Samson C. Soong has published an article asserting that open access papers are cited more than closed articles. From the article:
This article describes a study, involving a set of articles published in scholarly journals by faculty members of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) that have also been deposited in the HKUST Institutional Repository. The study was conducted to measure the actual effect of their open accessibility on citation rates. More importantly, the study suggests another quantitative method, and it is hoped that the study will inspire more effective methods of measuring the net impact of open access.
Thanks to Gavin Baker for the link.