Monthly Archives: January 2009

University of the People- The New Low-Cost University

Jeffrey Young, via Chronicle: The Wired Campus, posted a story about the new University of the People, an online institution that pledges to cut costs for students through the use OpenCourseWare and social-networking tools. The university plans to start operation in April 2009. Excerpt:

The university got a big write-up in The New York Times, but some education bloggers, including Seb Schmoller, have expressed skepticism about the project, started by the entrepreneur who runs Cramster, a service that some describe as offering homework help by publishing the answers to problems in popular textbooks.

One key aspect of the project is the notion that with so many quality course materials published free online by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and others, some entity should come along to add a teaching component so that students could get college credit on the cheap. University of the People plans to essentially encourage students to teach themselves by working in groups, under the guidance of instructors — many of whom are expected to be retired college professors — who will moderate.

Peer 2 Peer University proposed the same basic idea.

University of the People will be a nonprofit entity. Though it will not charge tuition, there will be fees to sign up ($15 to $50) and to take exams ($10 to $100) ….

For starters the new university will offer only two degrees: a B.A. in business administration and a B.Sc. in computer science. To be admitted, students must prove they graduated from high school, can speak English, and have consistent access to the Internet. A statement on the university’s Web site says it plans to apply for accreditation but does not have it yet.

It seems that either University of the People, or P2PU, or some yet-to-be-created institution, will find a way to offer a radically cheaper college degree using online tools. The new models will probably take some time to mature until the right mix of teaching and self-study is perfected.

Mozilla and Wikimedia Join Forces to Support Open Video

Ryan Paul, via Ars Technica, highlights Mozilla’s $100,000 donation to its collaborative initiative with the Wikimedia Foundation to improve open standards-based technology for video on the web. Excerpt:

Open Web standards have evolved considerably over the years and browser compatibility is better than ever, but one important area where standards are just starting to catch up is support for streaming video. Proprietary browser plugins are used extensively across the web to play video from popular sites. This creates serious lock-in risk and gives proprietary software vendors like Adobe a lot of control over the medium.

… Mozilla and the Wikimedia Foundation have launched an initiative to help improve the quality of open, standards-based video technology.

Mozilla has given the Wikimedia Foundation a $100,000 grant intended to fund development of the Ogg container format and the Theora and Vorbis media codecs. These open media codecs are thought to be unencumbered by software patents, which means that they can be freely implemented and used without having to pay royalties or licensing fees to patent holders. This differentiates Ogg Theora from many other formats that are widely used today.

The Ogg development improvements will be coordinated by the Wikimedia Foundation. The organization uses Ogg for virtually all of its rich media, which makes it one of the largest open media format adopters on the Internet. In a statement published at the organization’s Web site, Wikimedia deputy director Erik Möller expressed his support for the initiative and explained that open formats are needed to ensure the availability of free content in unrestricted formats.

MIT’s Management School Shares Teaching Materials Online

MIT’s Sloan Management School embarks on an initiative to share, free of charge, teaching materials via its website called MIT Sloan Teaching Innovation Resources. (Thanks to Chronicle: The Wired Campus) Excerpt:

MIT’s Sloan School of Management has unveiled a set of case studies, videos, interactive teaching tools, and teacher’s notes on a new Web site called MIT Sloan Teaching Innovation Resources.The announcement comes eight years after MIT created its OpenCourseWare project, which makes instructional materials for courses available online for free.

What distinguishes the new site, according to JoAnne Yates, deputy dean for programs, is that whereas OpenCourseWare allows visitors to browse a linear series of resources and notes for a specific course, the management-school’s site allows them to search for specific “teaching artifacts”—e.g., case studies or simulation models—that might be applied to any number of courses. Those artifacts will be searchable by concept or business problem, like sustainability.

Collaboration Beyond Content

Ethan, via Netsquared, deliberates on the changes he anticipates to materialize in 2009: an increasing trend in online collaboration focusing not just on content, but form and functionality. Excerpt:

Communication on the web and evolving fast in diverse forms.  Collaboration, meanwhile, has fewer variants; it’s mostly about editing content together.  True, there are many ways to collaborate on content (simultaneous editors are making strides), the variety of content is growing beyond simple text (online spreadsheets are blossoming), and the great communication tools facilitate all sorts of collaboration at a distance.  But — with important exceptions like Second Life — when people are building things other than content, chances are the creation isn’t happening live on the web in the Wiki Way.

I think that will start to shift in 2009.   More and more people will collaborate on the web to cultivate not just content together, but also form and functionality.  Where teams now innovate locally and then promote their innovations online, they will increasingly do their creation together right on the web.  Our project Wagn (wiki on wheels), will take part in the shift, as will many other projects helping “content management” grow into “community creation.”  Web conference software will grow and flourish as cost-cutting companies look to improve collaboration at a distance, and virtual world partnerships will both broaden and deepen.

All this will be fueled – as usual – by finding ways to make scary things less scary.  Wikis knocked many steps out of the process of publishing and linking content.  The same simplification is awaiting us for data structures, design, and even programming.

Trickier than the tools is building understanding of collaborative processes.  2009 will show us some new ones, but it will only be the beginning.

Measuring the Digital World- Latest data from ComScore

ComsScore Inc, a pioneer in measuring progress in the digital world,  announced the latest results, based on data from its World Metrix audience measurement service. Snippets:

Total global Internet audience (age 15 and older from home and work computers) has surpassed 1 billion visitors in December 2008.

The Asia-Pacific region accounted for the highest share of global Internet users at 41 percent, followed by Europe (28 percent share), North America (18 percent share), Latin-America (7 percent share), and the Middle East & Africa (5 percent share).

The most popular property in the world in December was Google Sites, with 777.9 million visitors, followed by Microsoft Sites (647.9 million visitors), Yahoo! Sites (562.6 million visitors). Facebook.com, which has grown a dramatic 127-percent in the past year to 222 million visitors, now ranks as the top social networking site worldwide and the seventh most popular property in the world.  [Wikimedia Foudnation sites were visited by 272,998 visitors]

Wikipedia plans to restrict public’s ability to change entries

Noam Cohen, via  the New York Times, featured a story about Wikipedia’s plan to introduce stringent requirements to limit public’s ability to changing entries. (Thanks to Open Access News) Excerpt:

Stung by criticism after vandals changed Wikipedia entries to erroneously report that Senators Edward Kennedy and Robert Byrd had died, Wikipedia appears ready to introduce a system that prevents new and anonymous users from instantly publishing changes to the online encyclopedia.

The new system [is] called Flagged Revisions….The idea in a nutshell is that only registered, reliable users would have the right to have their material immediately appear to the general public visiting Wikipedia. Other contributors would be able to edit articles, but their changes will be held back until one of these reliable users has signed off, or “flagged” the revisions. (Registered, reliable users would see the latest edit to an article, whether flagged or not.)

The system has been used by German Wikipedia since May as a test case….

While long discussed as something to be used by the much-larger English Wikipedia, Flagged Revisions was given new life as a proposal after Wikipedia’s mastermind — Jimmy Wales — all but ordered it be adopted after the Kennedy and Byrd false-death reports, which remained on the site for about five minutes.

On his user page, under the header “Why I Am Asking Flagged Revisions Be Turned On Now,” Mr. Wales observed: “This nonsense would have been 100% prevented by Flagged Revisions.” …

The response was immediate and deafening, with headlines like: “Jimbo Wales, stop acting dictator.” …

‘RiP: A remix manifesto’ – An Open Source Film focusing on Copy Right

D’Arcy Norman draws attention to an upcoming open source film focusing on copy right entitled “RiP: A remix manifesto“. Here is a brief description of the film from NFB:

Web activist and filmmaker Brett Gaylor explores copyright in the information age, mashing up the media landscape of the 21st century and shattering the wall between users and producers.

The film’s central protagonist is Girl Talk, a mash-up musician topping the charts with his sample-based songs. But is Girl Talk a paragon of people power or the Pied Piper of piracy? Creative Commons founder Lawrence Lessig, Brazil’s Minister of Culture Gilberto Gil and pop culture critic Cory Doctorow are also along for the ride.

A participatory media experiment, from day one, Brett shares his raw footage at opensourcecinema.org, for anyone to remix. This movie-as-mash-up method allows these remixes to become an integral part of the film. With RiP: A remix manifesto, Gaylor and Girl Talk sound an urgent alarm and draw the lines of battle.

Which side of the ideas war are you on?

Watch out Wikipedia, here comes Britannica 2.0

Stephen Hutcheon, via The Sydney Morning Herald, posted a story about Encyclopedia Britannica’s recent initiative to allow readers to contribute and edit its online version in a bid to surpass Wikipedi’a's popularity. (Thanks to ResourceShelf) Snippets:

New features enabling the inclusion of this user-generated content will be rolled out on the encyclopedia’s website over the next 24 hours, Britannica’s president, Jorge Cauz, said in an interview today. … the changes were the first in a series of enhancements to the britannica.com website designed to encourage more community input to the 241-year-old institution and, in doing so, to take on Wikipedia in the all important search engine rankings.

“What we are trying to do is shifting … to a much more proactive role for the user and reader where the reader is not only going to learn from reading the article but by modifying the article and – importantly – by maybe creating his own content or her own content,” he said.

Mr Cauz said that any changes or additions made to Britannica entries online would have to be vetted by one of the company’s staff or freelance editors before the changes were reflected on the live site. …

Many of those changes will eventually appear in the printed version of the encyclopedia, which is published every two years.

In addition to the community editing features, Britannica.com will enable approved users to add their own creative input which will sit beside the authorised articles. ….

Would-be editors on the Britannica site will have to register using their real names and addresses before they are allowed to modify or write their own articles.

The Case of the Textbook: Open or Closed?

“The Case of the Textbook: Open or Closed?” is the focus of the recently launched EDUCAUSE Review Magazine, Volume 44, Number 1. (Thanks to DigitalKoans). A brief description of the contents of the magazine reads:

As the price of college/university textbooks continues to rise, new electronic models and various “open” options are being proposed from all sides: by publishers, by students, and by authors and institutions. Viewpoints from these segments, along with discussions of their solutions, are presented here. First is an excerpt—the “College” chapter—from the latest edition of Book Industry Trends, published annually by the Book Industry Study Group, the leading U.S. book industry trade association for policy, standards, and research, with a membership consisting of publishers, manufacturers, suppliers, wholesalers, retailers, librarians, and others engaged in the business of print and electronic media. Second is the “Executive Summary” from Course Correction, published by the Student Public Interest Research Groups (PIRGs) as part of the Make Textbooks Affordable Campaign. Third, authors and higher education institutions are represented by the stories of three open-source textbook authors—Rob Beezer, Robert Stewart, and John Gallaugher—and two open-access institutional repositories: CCCOER and Connexions.

MixedInk: CC-Licensed Large Scale Document Collaboration

Cameron Parkins, via Creative Commons, drew attention to MixedInk, a newly released site that facilitates online open collaborative work. Excerpt:

While many sites of this nature exist, MixedInk seems to be the first to focus on large group collaboration and does so in a unique manner. MixedInk’s submission system is based on a Digg-like voting procedure in which users vote for their favorite draft – the final draft is therefore dynamic and can shift over time if a better draft is decided upon by the community.

MixedInk keeps this type of collaboration open and legally sound by requiring any documents created on the site to be released under a CC BY-SA license. This serves a practical purpose – the articles written offer no restrictions in regards to quoting or editing as long as the original author is credited – and also serves the auxiliary purpose of keeping the MixedInk community open and free, ensuring there are no legal barriers for creating the best content possible.